A breakdown of why the awarded work, Ice Cube, is significant:

  - A neutrino is an elementary subatomic particle. Neutrinos are produced by nuclear reactions inside stars, supernovae, radioactive decay. They are one of the most abundant particles in the universe.
  - Neutrinos are known as "ghost particles". They have 0 charge and near-zero mass. They only react with the weak nuclear force and gravity. Incredibly hard to detect. Trillions can pass through a whole planet without hitting a single atom!
  - Neutrinos give us a pristine snapshot into the origin of the universe. They have travelled billions of years and trillions of miles without interacting with anything. Unless...we catch them!
  - Ice Cube does this. Located in Antarctica, the project turns a cubic kilometer of ice into a neutrino detector. How? Scientists drilled boreholes 2.5km deep into the ice and placed 5000 optical detectors to catch a neutrino interaction.
  - When a neutrino, rarely, collides with an atom, it produces charged particles. In ice - not vacuum! - certain particles can travel faster than light. This produces something similar to a sonic boom. A faint, blue glow known as Cherenkov radiation (see it in action https://youtube.com/watch?v=hSuSG19Pcoc).
  - IceCube was first to detect neutrinos coming from outside the solar system, establishing the source of high energy cosmic radiation. It also opened a whole new chapter of neutrino astronomy.

He receives the prize for conceiving the IceCube neutrino detector, a cubic-kilometer-sized detecter in the Antarctics.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IceCube_Neutrino_Observatory

Mechanism is via conversion of neutrinos into charged particles which are then detected via Cherenkov radiation which is produced when a charged particle moves with speeds larger then the speed of light in the medium. (That is only possible because it is less than the speed of light in vacuum which cannot be exceeded.)

This was also discussed recently if you are interested: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49655286

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation

I'm in love with the cute little figure that came with the press release: https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2026/10/fig_fy_26_3x2.jpg

I appreciate the boldness of this project, it has an element of sci-fi to it. Building a base at the south pole to bury sensors in ice to measure elusive particles. The stuff of dreams!

What an amazing accomplishment! I played a very tiny part in this project and went to the South Pole in 2009 to help with construction. Didn't see any neutrinos the entire time I was there though :/

I worked with a guy who worked on IceCube. He flew down to the South Pole, went all the way to the station, just to install debian for their data processing systems. I was... a bit jealous.

We think of receiving a Nobel Prize as something super rare and exceptional and it is. What still always astounds me though, is this:

There are nearly 300 living laureates. Enough to hold a yearly meetup for them in Lindau, where usually about 40 gather. This year, for the event's 75th anniversary, there were even about 70. Imagine that.

The first time in as long as I can think that a single physicist was chosen.

Here's the APOD for IceCube back from 2011

https://science.nasa.gov/image-article/apod-2011-february-13...

Pretty cool. One of the big challenges in trying neutrino detection in ice is dealing with funding agencies. The optical properties of ice only get good when you are actually a few kilometers deep in very old ice. That is you can't just build a demonstrator in the nearest glacier with a few leftover photomultipliers, you need to go directly to Antarctica and bore a three kilometer hole into the ice. And projects where the MVP is quite expensive are always very hard to get funded.

Well holy shit. I didn't expect to wake up this morning and see the "outside" guy from my thesis committee (aka, the only one who wasn't a rubber stamp) winning the Nobel Prize.

Francis isn't the first Nobel Prize winner I've crossed paths with. But I think he's the only one I'd call a "decent human being". (When I use it, that phrase has a meaning roughly comparable to "nontrivial", so, saying it is nontrivial.) He was well enough liked by faculty and students during my time at UW-Madison.

It's important to note that he's not getting the prize for "conceiving of IceCube" like some people are saying. It's for "conceiving of IceCube and somehow actually making it happen". The latter is the achievement.

Congratulations.

Great news for UW-Madison and all the work that went into such a forward thinking, creative scientific instrument!

Anyone else romanticize going to work at some remote location like the IceCube? Probably some escapism going on

Absolute loved this book by Halzen and Martin

https://archive.org/details/quarksleptonsint0000halz

Neutrino physics is the frontier. It’s one area where we know there are “physics beyond the standard model” though IceCube hasn’t quite been able to answer the neutrino mass question.

I love Ice Cube, as it is great engineering contributing significantly to science. It is also the perfect way to describe the concept of a great “hack” to people outside the field.

IceCube Neutrino Observatory - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gLbegYWCqkg

Its rare to have noble prize given to just one person! This feels extra special for the work he has done.

The last time a physicist won the award alone dates back to 1992, 34 years ago

Shouldn't the prize have been co-awarded to Ice Cube for inspiring the name?

Madison WI mentioned!

Last years favorite finally wins it this time. https://www.rtbf.be/article/avec-icecube-le-physicien-belge-... (2025)

As we celebrate the IceCube neutrino detector for wining this year Nobel Prize in Physics, people in my country India should feel lost for missing the opportunity to setup INO (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India-based_Neutrino_Observato...)

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/why-the-neu...

> Six days, six prizes

What? Since when does even the Nobel Institute themselves proclaim that economics of all things is as much part of the pantheon of science as fundamental physics, the same economics that was deliberately added to that list by the same powers that made free-trade economics the only allowed form within catholic economics, the same powers that funded research and shaped policy worldwide to first normalize neoliberalism and then to turn it into the only orthodoxy in economics, that prize that is actually the mundane "Bank of Sweden Economics Prize" is not only mentioned, it is treated as part of the holy set (of actually five) by the institute themselves?!

Quite rare for a it to be awarded to just one person.

woah, mindblowing!

Sometimes I think it would be nice if there were biographies that laid out when and how Nobel laureates made their discoveries. Then wouldn't it be possible to pattern how people discover certain phenomena?

Still no affordable antigravity? Dang.

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Just happy it's not another AI related prize.

Oh, it's amazing that the AI didn't prize.

Just woke up this morning to this news. Thank God. Today is a good day.

Makes me sad, that even there we put our human stuff and Metal boxes

What is practical application of Francis work?

What a circle j*k that academia is. Fake Science is what it is. It's, like, they take everything good and pervert it into something ungodly. We could've been eons ahead in science if academia wasn't a leftist bastion off backend lickers, bottom to top, working assiduously to create more and more artificial complexity with one objective in mind - their own job security. I'm not even afraid to generalize because they all bend over when they graduate. They are literally discouraging critical thought at this point and intelligence is discouraged as well. It's all about control. See if there's any real conversation about anything important anywhere anymore.